Numerical scrutinization of Darcy–Forchheimer flow for trihybrid nanofluid comprising of GO + ZrO_2 + SiO_2 /kerosene oil over the curved surface

Significant applications of chemical reaction in flow using a curve sheet include metabolic, plastic extrusion and biochemical engineering. A few instances include the management of moisture and temperature supplies during an agricultural fair and the transmission of energy in a drizzly cooling tower. The current study aims to examine the heat and mass transmission for Darcy–Forchheimer flow induced by the curved stretch surface looped in a circle of radius R . The flow is influenced by heat generation and thermal radiation with the effects of chemical reactions. Kerosene oil (KO) is used as the base fluid while three different types of nanoparticles, GO, ZrO_2 and SiO_2 are mixed with it. Convective heat conditions are incorporated in this model. A curvilinear coordinates system is studied to build the mathematical model of the flow condition under certain assumptions and then solved using the bvp4c approach in MATLAB. The effects of physical and geometrical characteristics relevant to this analysis on dimensionless physical quantities of interest are discussed using the necessary graphs and tables. According to the results, the Darcy–Forchheimer and porosity parameters caused a fall in the velocity profile, whereas the curvature parameter was found to cause an enhancement in the velocity profile. Our finding exhibits that GO has a greater influence on ZrO_2 and SiO_2 . Thermal distribution augments with growth in radiative flow and Biot number while has declined with the upsurge in curvature factor. Growth in curvature factor has supported the behavior of concentration distribution and has been opposed by an upsurge in chemically reactive factor and Schmidt number. A comparison of the results obtained here with those that have already been published in the relevant literature has been made with outstanding achievement.