Observer-based bipartite consensus tracking of nonlinear fractional-order multi-agent systems with pull-based dynamic event-triggered mechanism

This paper investigates the observer-based bipartite consensus tracking of nonlinear fractional-order multi-agent systems (FOMASs) by employing a pull-based dynamic event-triggered mechanism (DETM). First, considering that the relevant state information of each agent is not always measurable, a class of distributed observers is considered for each agent to estimate its state information. Then, a pull-based DETM for FOMASs is proposed to avoid continuous controller updates, in which the dynamic threshold is modulated according to the preset conditions. The pull-based DETM constructed in this paper enables each agent to update the controller only based on its own trigger instants. Furthermore, an observer-based dynamic event-triggered control protocol is designed to guarantee the bipartite consensus tracking of FOMASs. Correspondingly, sufficient conditions are obtained by using graph theory and choosing suitable Lyapunov candidate functions. Moreover, the Zeno behavior is precluded. Finally, two simulation examples are presented to illustrate the theoretical results efficiently.