Photonic-Electronic Integrated Circuits for High-Performance Computing and AI Accelerator
arxiv(2024)
摘要
In recent decades, the demand for computational power has surged,
particularly with the rapid expansion of artificial intelligence (AI). As we
navigate the post-Moore's law era, the limitations of traditional electrical
digital computing, including process bottlenecks and power consumption issue,
are propelling the search for alternative computing paradigms. Among various
emerging technologies, integrated photonics stands out as a promising solution
for the next generation of high-performance computing due to the inherent
advantages of light, such as low latency, high bandwidth, and unique
multiplexing techniques. Furthermore, the progress in photonic integrated
circuits (PICs), which are equipped with abundant photoelectronic components,
positions photonic-electronic integrated circuits as a viable solution for
high-performance computing and as hardware AI accelerators. In this review, we
survey recent advancements in both PIC-based digital and analog computing for
AI, exploring the principal benefits and obstacles of implementation.
Additionally, we propose a comprehensive analysis of photonic AI from the
perspectives of hardware implementation, accelerator architecture, and
software-hardware co-design. In the end, acknowledging the existing challenges,
we underscore potential strategies for overcoming these issues and offer
insights into the future drivers for optical computing.
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