Numerical Study of the Thermal Performance of the combined effect of solar energy and variable density around a Laminar Vertical jet

A computational analysis due to the thermal performance of combined effects of solar radiation and variable density around a laminar vertical jet is carried out. For this purpose, a mathematical model in terms of nonlinear coupled partial differential equations, keeping in view the coordinate system of the proposed problem, is established. Further, to get insight to the physical significance of the proposed problem, numerical data is obtained. For this purpose, the finite difference method is used to integrate the primitive form of the partial differential equations. The coefficient matrices of the unknown variables involved in the model are solved by using the Gaussian elimination technique with the help of Fortran-Laher 90. The obtained numerical results for different parameters involved in the flow model, that is density parameter m, Prandtl number Pr, radiation parameter Rd, and fluid's absorption parameter D, are highlighted graphically by using Techplot-360. The primary findings show that enhancing values of the density variation parameter m leads to an increase in the velocity profile and a decrease in the thermal profile. On the other hand, for increasing values of Rd, the boundary layer profiles decline. Also, the heat transfer rate prominently declines with the rise in numeric value of m, Rd, and D. The main novelty of the current work is to improve the thermal performance of natural convection heat transfer with the inclusion of solar energy and variable density.