Enhancing Power Equipment Status Perception in Unmanned Areas: A Micro-Energy Harvesting Self-Powered Wireless Sensor System

Insufficient capability for power equipment status perception in unmanned areas such as deserts and plateaus poses a challenge to improving operational efficiency. These regions boast abundant wind energy resources due to their unique geographical environment and climatic conditions, characterized by high and stable wind speeds. Additionally, they receive ample sunlight radiation, making the combined utilization of solar and wind energy an effective approach for energy development. However, challenges such as weak network coverage, high equipment maintenance costs, and battery replacement difficulties are commonly encountered in these uninhabited areas. To address these issues, this paper proposes a new micro-energy harvesting self-powered wireless sensor system. The monitoring nodes gather wind and light energy from the environment, converting it into electrical energy for power supply. The gateway, powered by fiber optics, collects sensor data from these self-powered monitoring nodes and transmits it to the substation. The gateway eliminates the need for additional batteries or backup power, enabling flexible deployment on transmission line towers without being constrained by network coverage limitations. Experimental results demonstrate that self-powered monitoring nodes can continuously operate without interruption when sufficient energy is available. Moreover, the gateway achieves data reception, with zero packet loss and zero bit error rate.