Optimizing mmWave Beamforming for High-Speed Connected Autonomous Vehicles: An Adaptive Approach

The commercialization of 5G has been initiated for a while. Furthermore, millimeter wave (mmWave) has been introduced to small cells with small coverage due to its strong linearity and non-winding characteristics. On the other hand, in connected autonomous vehicles (CAVs), where various traffic systems can cooperatively perform recognition, decision-making, and execution, communication is assumed to be always connected. Therefore, to use low latency mmWave for high-speed moving CAV, existing beamforming cannot follow them at high speed. This paper proposes an improved beam tracking algorithm for high-speed CAVs, which can be evaluated in a more general environment using a traffic simulator. We proposed an adaptive algorithm for a general road environment by increasing the number of beam searches and search dimensions.