First Constraints on the Epoch of Reionization Using the non-Gaussianity of the Kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect from the South Pole Telescope and Herschel-SPIRE Observations
arxiv(2024)
摘要
We report results from an analysis aimed at detecting the trispectrum of the
kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (kSZ) effect by combining data from the South
Pole Telescope (SPT) and Herschel-SPIRE experiments over a 100 deg^2 field. The SPT observations combine data from the previous and
current surveys, namely SPTpol and SPT-3G, to achieve depths of 4.5, 3, and 16
μ K-arcmin in bands centered at 95, 150, and 220 GHz. For SPIRE, we
include data from the 600 and 857 GHz bands. We reconstruct the
velocity-induced large-scale correlation of the small-scale kSZ signal with a
quadratic estimator that uses two cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature
maps, constructed by optimally combining data from all the frequency bands. We
reject the null hypothesis of a zero trispectrum at 10.3σ level.
However, the measured trispectrum contains contributions from both the kSZ and
other undesired components, such as CMB lensing and astrophysical foregrounds,
with kSZ being sub-dominant. We use the Agora simulations to estimate
the expected signal from CMB lensing and astrophysical foregrounds. After
accounting for the contributions from CMB lensing and foreground signals, we do
not detect an excess kSZ-only trispectrum and use this non-detection to set
constraints on reionization. By applying a prior based on observations of the
Gunn-Peterson trough, we obtain an upper limit on the duration of reionization
of Δ z_ re, 50 < 4.5 (95% C.L). We find these constraints are
fairly robust to foregrounds assumptions. This trispectrum measurement is
independent of, but consistent with, Planck's optical depth measurement.
This result is the first constraint on the epoch of reionization using the
non-Gaussian nature of the kSZ signal.
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