Towards Bridging the Gap between Near and Far-Field Characterizations of the Wireless Channel
CoRR(2024)
摘要
The "near-field" propagation modeling of wireless channels is necessary to
support sixth-generation (6G) technologies, such as intelligent reflecting
surface (IRS), that are enabled by large aperture antennas and higher frequency
carriers. As the conventional far-field model proves inadequate in this
context, there is a pressing need to explore and bridge the gap between near
and far-field propagation models. Although far-field models are simple and
provide computationally efficient solutions for many practical applications,
near-field models provide the most accurate representation of wireless
channels. This paper builds upon the foundations of electromagnetic wave
propagation theory to derive near and far-field models as approximations of the
Green's function (Maxwell's equations). We characterize the near and far-field
models both theoretically and with the help of simulations in a line-of-sight
(LOS)-only scenario. In particular, for two key applications in multiantenna
systems, namely, beamforming and multiple-access, we showcase the advantages of
using the near-field model over the far-field, and present a novel scheduling
scheme for multiple-access in the near-field regime. Our findings offer
insights into the challenge of incorporating near-field models in practical
wireless systems, fostering enhanced performance in future communication
technologies.
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