A Repeated Game-Based Distributed Denial of Service Attacks Mitigation Method for Mining Pools

A Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack is a prevalent issue in the blockchain network layer, causing significant revenue loss for honest mining pools. This paper introduces a novel method, the Repeated Game-based DDoS attack mitigation (RGD), to address this problem. Unlike traditional methods such as game theory and machine learning-based detection, the RGD method can effectively reflect the changes in mining revenue and strategies under different network-strength environments. In particular, we abstract the problem of DDoS mining pool revenue loss into a game revenue model and propose the subgame perfect equilibrium (SPE) approach to solve the optimal payoffs and pool strategies in various network environments. Furthermore, we address the returns of mining pools in an infinitely repeated game environment using the Two-Stage Repeated Game (TSRG) method, where the strategy varies with different network environments. The Matlab experimental simulation results indicate that as the network environment improves, the optimal mining strategies of mining pools are gradually shifting from honest strategies to launching DDoS attacks against each other. The RGD method can effectively represent the impact of changes in the network environment on the mining pool's strategy selection and optimal revenue. Consequently, with the changing network environment, the optimal revenue of the mining pool only increases by 10% of the revenue loss during a DDoS attack.