Friedel-Crafts Acylation for Accessing Multi-Bridge-Functionalized Large Pillar[n]arenes

Pillar[n]arenes can be constructed using a Friedel-Crafts alkylation process. However, due to the reversible nature of the alkylation, mixture of large pillar[n]arenes (n >= 7) are obtained as minor products, and thus laborious purification are necessary to isolate the larger pillar[n]arenes. Moreover, inert methylene bridges are introduced during the alkylation process, and the multi-functionalization of the bridges has never been investigated. Herein, an irreversible Friedel-Crafts acylation is used to prepare pillar[n]arenes. Due to the irreversible nature of the acylation, the reaction of precursors bearing carboxylic acids and electron-rich arene rings results in a size-exclusive formation of pillar[n]arenes, in which the ring-size is determined by the precursor length. Because of this size-selective formation, laborious separation of undesired macrocycles is not necessary. Moreover, the bridges of pillar[n]arenes are selectively installed with reactive carbonyl groups using the acylation method, whose positions are determined by the precursor used. The carbonyl bridges can be easily converted into versatile functional groups, leading to various laterally modified pillar[n]arenes, which cannot be accessed by the alkylation strategy.