Qplacer: Frequency-Aware Component Placement for Superconducting Quantum Computers
CoRR(2024)
摘要
Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) computers face a critical limitation
in qubit numbers, hindering their progression towards large-scale and
fault-tolerant quantum computing. A significant challenge impeding scaling is
crosstalk, characterized by unwanted interactions among neighboring components
on quantum chips, including qubits, resonators, and substrate. We motivate a
general approach to systematically resolving multifaceted crosstalks in a
limited substrate area. We propose Qplacer, a frequency-aware
electrostatic-based placement framework tailored for superconducting quantum
computers, to alleviate crosstalk by isolating these components in spatial and
frequency domains alongside compact substrate design. Qplacer commences with a
frequency assigner that ensures frequency domain isolation for qubits and
resonators. It then incorporates a padding strategy and resonator partitioning
for layout flexibility. Central to our approach is the conceptualization of
quantum components as charged particles, enabling strategic spatial isolation
through a 'frequency repulsive force' concept. Our results demonstrate that
Qplacer carefully crafts the physical component layout in mitigating various
crosstalk impacts while maintaining a compact substrate size. On device
topology benchmarks, Qplacer can reduce the required area for theoretical
crosstalk-free layout by 2.61x and 2.25x on average, compared to the results of
manual design and classical placement engines, respectively.
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