Procedure-Specific Thromboprophylaxis in Urological Surgeries: A Narrative Review.

Venous thromboembolism (VTE), which includes deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), is a serious complication that can occur after urological surgeries. It is a leading cause of preventable hospital-related morbidity and mortality in surgical patients [1]. In urological surgeries, VTE remains a serious complication and a significant challenge [2] and PE is considered as the most common cause of postoperative death in patients undergoing major urologic surgery [3]. The decision to use thromboprophylaxis in urological surgeries involves weighing the reduction in VTE risk against the potential increase in perioperative bleeding [4]. However, there is a lack of procedure-specific evidences about thromboprophylaxis in urologic surgeries. Therefore, we have reviewed the available evidence on thromboprophylaxis in urological surgeries and we have tried to summarized these evidences in a procedure specific context.