Properties, age, and origin of a huge meteor cluster observed over Scandinavia on 30 October 2022
arxiv(2024)
摘要
A meteor outburst consisting of at least 22 meteors above the Baltic sea and
southern Scandinavia that occurred on 30 October 2022 was recorded using
multiple cameras. A bright fireball was followed by fainter meteors over a 10
second period. All the meteors were travelling on parallel trajectories. The
goal of this study is to determine the atmospheric trajectories and photometric
masses of meteors and to use these data to determine the specifics of the
progenitor meteoroid break-up and cluster formation. Double and triple-station
observations using video cameras were used for the calculation of the
atmospheric trajectories and photometric masses of the meteors. Their relative
positions and mass distribution were then used to determine the time and cause
of the meteoroid fragmentation. The relative position of the cluster particles
in the atmosphere and the distribution of their masses best correspond to the
separation of the smaller fragments from the mass-dominant fragment
10.6±1.7 days before the collision with Earth, assuming a meteoroid bulk
density of 1000 kg.m^-3. The ejection velocities are in the range 0.16-0.61
m.s^-1. The directions of the ejection velocities are bounded by a cone
with an apex angle of 43^∘. The axis of this cone has ecliptic
coordinates of l=154^∘ and b=26^∘ and is 66^∘ away from the
direction to the Sun. Thermal stresses appear to be the most likely cause of
such meteor cluster formation.
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