First Report of Powdery Mildew Caused by Golovinomyces ambrosiae on Solanum carolinense in Korea

HomePlant DiseaseVol. 107, No. 7First Report of Powdery Mildew Caused by Golovinomyces ambrosiae on Solanum carolinense in Korea PreviousNext DISEASE NOTE OPENOpen Access licenseFirst Report of Powdery Mildew Caused by Golovinomyces ambrosiae on Solanum carolinense in KoreaIn-Young Choi, Joon-Ho Choi, Lamiya Abasova, and Hyeon-Dong ShinIn-Young Choi†Corresponding author: I.-Y. Choi; E-mail Address: [email protected]https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1804-6747Department of Agricultural Biology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, KoreaSearch for more papers by this author, Joon-Ho ChoiDepartment of Agricultural Biology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, KoreaSearch for more papers by this author, Lamiya Abasovahttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0226-278XDepartment of Agricultural Biology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, KoreaSearch for more papers by this author, and Hyeon-Dong Shinhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7778-2747Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, KoreaSearch for more papers by this authorAffiliationsAuthors and Affiliations In-Young Choi1 † Joon-Ho Choi1 Lamiya Abasova1 Hyeon-Dong Shin2 1Department of Agricultural Biology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea 2Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea Published Online:30 Jun 2023https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-10-22-2355-PDNAboutSectionsView articlePDFSupplemental ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmailWechat View articleSolanum carolinense L. (Solanaceae) is a perennial herbaceous plant native to the southeastern United States. The plant has been invasive in Europe, Australia, and Asia. It was accidentally introduced to Korea in the 1960s (Oh et al. 2002) and is now widely naturalized, mostly in the southern area of the Korean peninsula. Since 2002, it has been designated as a harmful nonindigenous plant by the Korean Ministry of Environment due to its adverse effects on native plants. In September 2014, several S. carolinense plants were found infested with a powdery mildew disease in Busan, which was the first for Korea. Later in 2020 to 2022, hundreds of plants were continuously observed with an approximately 50% disease incidence in Jeonju, Korea. Symptoms first appeared as circular to irregular white patches, which subsequently coalesced to develop into abundant hyphal growth on both sides of the leaves. Representative voucher specimens were deposited in the Korea University herbarium (KUS-F28240 and F32541). Hyphal appressoria were nipple shaped. Conidiophores were cylindrical, 110 to 190 × 10 to 12 μm, and produced two to five immature conidia in chains with a sinuate outline. Foot-cells of conidiophores were straight, cylindrical, and 58 to 90 μm long, followed by two to three cells. Conidia were ellipsoid to barrel shaped, 29 to 36 × 15 to 20 μm (l/w 1.6 to 2.0), and devoid of distinct fibrosin bodies. Germ tubes were at the perihilar position of the conidia. The sexual stage was not developed. These morphological characteristics are consistent with those of Golovinomyces ambrosiae (Schwein.) U. Braun & R.T.A. Cook (Braun and Cook 2012). Sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and large subunit (LSU) gene of rDNA were determined using primer pairs ITS1/PM6 and PM3/TW14, respectively (Bradshaw and Tobin 2020). A comparison of the resulting sequences using the BLASTn algorithm showed 100% identity with reference sequences of G. ambrosiae (MT355556, AB769425) and G. spadiceus (MN365027) for ITS and LSU in NCBI. Obtained sequences were deposited in GenBank (Accession Nos: OP585651 to OP585654). A maximum parsimony tree was constructed based on the ITS + LSU dataset consisting of 23 sequences. Our sequences were clustered with sequences of G. ambrosiae, G. latisporus, and G. cichoracearum, and supported with a 100% bootstrap value. A pathogenicity test was performed by gently dusting conidia onto leaves of five healthy potted plants. Five noninoculated plants served as controls. Powdery mildew colonies developed on all inoculated plants after 5 days, whereas the control plants remained symptomless. The fungus on the inoculated leaves was morphologically identical to that observed on the originally diseased leaves, which supports Koch’s postulates. Previously, Erysiphe cichoracearum (syn. of G. cichoracearum) was recorded on this plant in the United States (Farr and Rossman 2022). Since G. cichoracearum has been divided into several distinct species (Qiu et al. 2020; Takamatsu et al. 2013), the current taxonomic position of the North American isolate is unknown. In Korea, G. ambrosiae was reported on several asteraceous hosts such as Bellis perennis, Brachyscome multifida, Helianthus annuus, H. salicifolius, and Verbena bonariensis (Farr and Rossman 2022). To our knowledge, this is the first report of powdery mildew on this plant outside the United States. According to our field observations, powdery mildew infestation had little effect on plant growth and vigor.The author(s) declare no conflict of interest.References:Bradshaw, M., and Tobin, P. C. 2020. Phytopathology 110:1248. https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-04-20-0139-PER Link, ISI, Google ScholarBraun, U., and Cook, R. T. A. 2012. CBS Biodiversity Series No. 11. CBS, Utrecht, The Netherlands. Google ScholarFarr, D. F., and Rossman, A. Y. 2022. Fungal Databases, Syst. Mycol. Microbiol. Lab., USDA-ARS. Retrieved 5 October 2022 from https://nt.ars-grin.gov/fungaldatabases/ Google ScholarOh, S. M., et al. 2002. Kor. J. Weed Sci. 22:280. Google ScholarQiu, P.-L., et al. 2020. BMC Microbiol. 20:51. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-020-01731-9 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarTakamatsu, S., et al. 2013. Mycologia 105:1135. https://doi.org/10.3852/13-046 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarFunding: Funding was provided by Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (Project No. 320043-05) and the Research Base Construction Fund Support Program funded by Jeonbuk National University in 2022.The author(s) declare no conflict of interest.DetailsFiguresLiterature CitedRelated Vol. 107, No. 7 July 2023SubscribeISSN:0191-2917e-ISSN:1943-7692 Download Metrics Article History Issue Date: 26 Jul 2023Published: 30 Jun 2023First Look: 25 Nov 2022Accepted: 21 Nov 2022 Page: 2245 Information© 2023 The American Phytopathological SocietyFundingKorea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture, Forestry and FisheriesGrant/Award Number: 320043-05Jeonbuk National UniversityKeywordsGolovinomyces cichoracearumphylogenetic analysisSolanaceaeThe author(s) declare no conflict of interest.PDF download