SPV/Wind Energy-Based Hybrid Grid-Connected System with Optimum Power Flow Operation

In recent years, there has been a persistent increase in energy demand and at the same time extinction of conventional resources for energy requirements shooting up the gap between demand and supply of energy. However, the most prominent and eco-friendly energy resources, viz., solar photovoltaic (SPV), wind energy systems (WES), fuel cells, biomass, etc., are paving way for the fulfillment of energy demand. PV and wind are abundant and freely accessible resources in nature. The ensemble of these two sources remains challenging to attain a satisfactory level of sustainability and power quality. Therefore, there is a need for an intellectual method to fulfill the requirements of reliability, sustainability, and the highest quality power for the power grid and domestic loads. In this work, we develop a mechanism to facilitate the tracking of maximum power (MPPT) against the power produced by the combination of SPV and wind turbines (WT) by adopting a common ensemble point. Further, a single-stage converter in association with a proportional resonant (PR)-dependent current control circuit is employed to supply reliable and maximum power to the grid. In the present system, high costs enable the minimum battery utilization and facilitate the maximum power transfer from solar and wind sources to the grid using an intelligent algorithm. Further, the converter reference tracking performance is improved with the aid of the PR controller. This manifests as a better replacement for the shortcomings of conventional PI control as directed by IEEE standards. The entire system proposed in this work was designed and implemented by using MATLAB/Simulink environments to accomplish the task. The final outcomes of the proposed system as directed by the MATLAB simulations are executed for 1 kW, and the results depicted the performance and efficacy of the controller and the adaptive behavior of the grid coupled with the PV-wind ensemble system.