First Report of Tobacco Anthracnose Caused by Colletotrichum nymphaeae in China

HomePlant DiseaseVol. 107, No. 8First Report of Tobacco Anthracnose Caused by Colletotrichum nymphaeae in China PreviousNext DISEASE NOTE OPENOpen Access licenseFirst Report of Tobacco Anthracnose Caused by Colletotrichum nymphaeae in ChinaHanfei Liu, Yanyan Li, Xihong Li, Hao Liu, Junbin Huang, and Lu ZhengHanfei LiuHubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, ChinaSearch for more papers by this author, Yanyan Li†Corresponding author: Y. Li; E-mail Address: [email protected]https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4583-1524Tobacco Research Institute of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, ChinaSearch for more papers by this author, Xihong LiTobacco Research Institute of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, ChinaSearch for more papers by this author, Hao LiuHubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, ChinaSearch for more papers by this author, Junbin HuangHubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, ChinaSearch for more papers by this author, and Lu Zhenghttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2414-1671Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, ChinaSearch for more papers by this authorAffiliationsAuthors and Affiliations Hanfei Liu1 Yanyan Li2 † Xihong Li2 Hao Liu1 Junbin Huang1 Lu Zheng1 1Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China 2Tobacco Research Institute of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China Published Online:14 Aug 2023https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-09-22-2210-PDNAboutSectionsView articlePDFSupplemental ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmailWechat View articleTobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) is one of the most widely cultivated economic crops in approximately 120 countries (Peedin 2011). In July 2020 and 2021, typical symptoms of tobacco anthracnose were widely found in the flue-cured tobacco-planted areas of Wufeng, Xuan’en, and Xianfeng, Hubei Province, China. The disease incidence reached up to 60% in some fields at that time, with an estimated 10,000 ha of the cultivated area affected. On tobacco leaves, lesions were initially water soaked and yellow green, and they enlarged to produce dark brown necrosis, which became cracked after drying, extending until the leaves withered. After surface sterilization with 75% ethanol for 45 s and 5% sodium hypochlorite for 60 s, diseased leaf tissues were washed with sterilized water for 60 s three times and then cultured on potato dextrose agar (PDA) plates for 7 days at 25°C in the dark. Isolates of Colletotrichum sp. were consistently recovered with an isolation rate of 71%, and the five isolates BB005ES1, BB005ES2, BB005ES3, BB005ES4, and BB005ES5 were used to further evaluate characteristics of the pathogen. On PDA medium after 7 days, the aerial hyphae of cultures were dense and blanket-like. The aerial surface of the colony was dark gray to white, and the center of the basal surface of the colony was orange-red. Conidia were transparent, aseptate, smooth-walled, straight, and cylindrical with one end obtuse and the other end funnel-shaped, and the size was 11.8 to 12.0 × 2.7 to 2.9 μm (n = 100). Appressoria were single, smooth, black, and oval or irregular with a size of 4.6 to 4.9 × 8.5 to 8.7 μm (n = 100). The most typical feature of the C. acutatum species complex is the shape of conidia, which have at least one acute end (Damm et al. 2012). Thus, the five strains were identified as part of the C. acutatum species complex. The sequences of actin (ACT), β-tubulin (TUB2), chitin synthase (CHS-1), glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) genes were then amplified from the five strains (Damm et al. 2012), and all five strains had a similar sequence for each gene (GenBank accession nos. ON637946, ON637947, ON637945, ON637948, and ON394623). The combined sequences ACT–TUB2–CHS-1–GAPDH–ITS of the five strains were used for constructing a multigene phylogenetic tree using the maximum parsimony method (Prihastuti et al. 2009), and C. gloeosporioides (IMI356878) was selected as an outgroup. The five strains were found to be closely related to the type strains of Colletotrichum nymphaeae. Hence, the five isolated strains were identified as C. nymphaeae. Pathogenicity of the five strains was determined by placing 7-day-old fungal plugs on attached leaves of 20-day-old tobacco plants in the laboratory. After inoculation, plants were incubated at 28°C and 95% relative humidity in an incubator in the dark for 5 days. The five strains caused the typical dark brown lesions on all inoculated tobacco leaves, whereas no disease symptoms were found on the healthy tobacco leaves for agar-plug-inoculated controls. Koch’s postulates were fulfilled by reisolating C. nymphaeae from diseased leaves. Previously, only C. fructicola, C. nicotiance, C. orbiculare, and C. cliviicola were documented as causal agents of tobacco anthracnose (Wang et al. 2016; Wang et al. 2022). To our knowledge, this is the first report of C. nymphaeae causing tobacco anthracnose worldwide.The author(s) declare no conflict of interest.References:Damm, U., et al. 2012. Stud. Mycol. 73:37. https://doi.org/10.3114/sim0010 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarPeedin, G. F. 2011. Page 1 in: Specialty Crops. International Labor Organization, Geneva, Switzerland. Google ScholarPrihastuti, H., et al. 2009. Fungal Divers. 39:89. ISI, Google ScholarWang, H. C., et al. 2016. Plant Dis. 100:1235. https://doi.org/10.1094/pdis-06-15-0724-pdn Link, ISI, Google ScholarWang, Y. R., et al. 2022. Plant Dis. 106:316. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-02-21-0409-PDN Link, ISI, Google ScholarFunding: This work was financially supported by the Technology Project of Hubei Tobacco Company (027Y2021-004).The author(s) declare no conflict of interest.DetailsFiguresLiterature CitedRelated Vol. 107, No. 8 August 2023SubscribeISSN:0191-2917e-ISSN:1943-7692 Download Metrics Article History Issue Date: 29 Aug 2023Published: 14 Aug 2023First Look: 12 Feb 2023Accepted: 6 Feb 2023 Page: 2537 Information© 2023 The American Phytopathological SocietyFundingHubei Tobacco CompanyGrant/Award Number: 027Y2021-004Keywordsetiologyfungiyield loss and economic impactsThe author(s) declare no conflict of interest.PDF download