Flag-type hybrid nanogenerator utilizing flapping wakes for consistent high performance over an ultra-broad wind speed range
NANO ENERGY(2024)
摘要
Fluttering of regular flags and flapping of inverted flags in the wind serve as the foundational principles of flagtype nanogenerators (FNGs). However, FNGs relying on a single aerodynamic behavior exhibit significant power output only within a limited spectrum of wind speeds, posing a challenge to their robustness in scenarios with intensely fluctuating wind. In this paper, we propose a novel hybrid scheme aimed at harnessing the synergistic potential of two aerodynamic behaviors to enhance the performance of FNGs and broaden their operational wind speed ranges. A flag-type triboelectric-piezoelectric hybrid nanogenerator (FTPNG) is developed with the integration of flapping piezoelectric flags (PEFs) and a fluttering triboelectric flag (TEF). To overcome the limited operational wind speed range, flapping PEFs are configured in an array format, optimized through fluid-solid coupled simulations. The rear TEF leverages the fluttering motion of a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membrane, which intermittently contacts and separates from conductive textiles positioned on the inner surface of the baffles. A noteworthy feature is the innovative "back-to-back" design, which utilizes the flapping wakes generated by PEFs to intensify the fluttering of the PTFE membrane, resulting in a remarkable boost in power generation of up to 132 times and achieving a maximum peak power output of 5400 mu W. The FTPNG offers consistent high performance, with an average output of exceeding 200 mu W over an ultra-broad wind speed range of 4.7-14.6 m/s, while the complete operational range is 3.7-15 m/s. It also attains a considerable average power output of 850 mu W at 7.8 m/s, marking a significant advancement compared to other FNGs. Finally, in demonstration tests, the FTPNG can light 252 LEDs and showcases the capabilities of PEF array and TEF to independently power a wireless sensor node (WSN), highlighting its significant potential for applications in the Internet of Things and various self-powered systems.
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关键词
Wind energy harvesting,Flag-type,Hybrid nanogenerator,Wake effect,Wireless sensor node
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