Application of response surface methodology to optimize MHD nanofluid flow over a rotating disk with thermal radiation and joule heating

The current study represents a sensitivity analysis of the flow of gold nanoparticles in blood over a rotating disk with the combined impacts of viscous dissipation, nonlinear thermal radiation, joule heating, and slippage using response surface methodology. We use response surface methodology to investigate the relationships between the model's parameters (the input parameters), and the response variables. Response Surface Methodology is a useful method for finding the best values for the input parameters that improve the output. It can also help researchers create a list of experiments to predict the output. We often use response surface methodology with sensitivity analysis to see how the output depends on the input parameters and to suggest the optimal values of them. After incorporating the effects of MHD, viscous dissipation, nonlinear thermal radiation, and joule heating, the boundary layer flow equations are solved using NDSolve command of Mathematica. The influences of dimensionless parameters on all flow profiles and physical quantities are presented and discussed. The arithmetic has been considered for a specific range of values for the apparent parameters in order to calculate and analyze the physical quantities of interest for various relevant parameters, for instance 2 <= M <= 5, 0 <= beta <= 2, 0.6 <= A <= 1.5, 0.1 <= Br <= 0.65, 0.5 <= delta <= 2, 0 <= phi <= 0.15, 15 <= Pr <= 21, 0.1 <= Rd <= 1.5. For sensitivity analysis, we consider skin friction coefficient and local Nusselt number for three independent input parameter namely, the radial stretching rate, the magnetic field parameter, and the thermal slip parameter. After using the statistical measures such as residual quantile - quantile plots, hypothesis testing, and adjusted R2, we concluded that our models for the skin friction coefficient and local Nusselt number are best fitted.