How I Do It: Endovascular Management of Acute Nonvariceal Gastrointestinal Bleeding

Acute gastrointestinal bleeding (acute GIB) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in patients despite various advances in diagnosis and treatment. In the United States, around 390,000 patients are admitted with acute GIB annually, and mortality rates range from 3 to 8.8%.[1] The presentation of these patients can vary from minor, self-limited bleeding that can be managed in outpatient settings to life-threatening bleeding that requires aggressive resuscitation and emergent intervention.[1] Early and accurate diagnosis followed by prompt and appropriate treatment is imperative in the management of acute GIB. In this review, we will discuss the epidemiology, presentation, diagnosis, and management of acute GIB, with particular focus on diagnostic imaging and endovascular management.