Performance Characterization of NVMe Flash Devices with Zoned Namespaces (ZNS)
2023 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CLUSTER COMPUTING, CLUSTER(2023)
摘要
The recent emergence of NVMe flash devices with Zoned Namespace support, ZNS SSDs, represents a significant new advancement in flash storage. ZNS SSDs introduce a new storage abstraction of append-only zones with a set of new I/O (i.e., append) and management (zone state machine transition) commands. With the new abstraction and commands, ZNS SSDs offer more control to the host software stack than a non-zoned SSD for flash management, which is known to be complex (because of garbage collection, scheduling, block allocation, parallelism management, overprovisioning). ZNS SSDs are, consequently, gaining adoption in a variety of applications (e.g., file systems, key-value stores, and databases), particularly latency-sensitive big-data applications. Despite this enthusiasm, there has yet to be a systematic characterization of ZNS SSD performance with its zoned storage model abstractions and I/O operations. This work addresses this crucial shortcoming. We report on the performance features of a commercially available ZNS SSD (13 key observations), explain how these features can be incorporated into publicly available state-of-the-art ZNS emulators, and recommend guidelines for ZNS SSD application developers. All artifacts (code and data sets) of this study are publicly available at https://github.com/stonet-research/NVMeBenchmarks.
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关键词
Measurements,NVMe storage,Zoned Namespace Devices
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