Image- based flow measurement methods for flood events monitoring

Image-based flow measurement systems offer a flexible non- intrusive alternative with real time measurement. In the present paper, two extreme flood events are presented, which occurred under completely different conditions. A camera-based discharge system "DischargeKeeper" is permanently installed in northern Spain. In November 2021, an event with a 500-year return period with 975 m(3)/s discharge was recorded there. The system remained intact and unaffected by the flood event because it is mounted on the side of the flow cross-section. The second case study is about a flash flood event occurred in April 2021 in a wadi in UAE, where a DischargeKeeper system is installed. The flow increased within 15 minutes from 0 m(3)/s to 78 m(3)/s in the wadi.