Intelligent Onion Routing and UAV-based Electronic Health Record Sharing Framework for Healthcare 4.0.

Electronic Health Records (EHRs) seem to be an efficient data storage platform for storing patient's sensitive medical data in healthcare 4.0. But, EHRs deployed on the cloud or web that can be easily exploited by malicious attackers, which raises the need for a secure data sharing framework in healthcare 4.0. Thus, this paper proposes a secure and protected unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-assisted EHR framework for healthcare 4.0 by adopting the onion routing (OR) network and Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based technique. The incorporated OR network secures the patient's confidential data against various security and anonymity attacks which is being stored in the EHR with the help of UAVs. Moreover, we have combined OR network with an AI-based technique using various machine learning models to perform the classification on Ehr's sensitive data as malicious and non-malicious. Further, the OR network is simulated inside the shadow simulator where different onion nodes are designed to relay the patient's medical data from the sender to the intended receiver, i.e., EHR. Finally, the performance evaluation of an AI and OR-based data sharing framework is evaluated in terms of accuracy, precision, recall, and training time where Boosted Tree (BT) surpasses other machine learning (ML) models with the improved accuracy of 95.6 % and OR network maintains the anonymity of the data communication in healthcare 4.0. Moreover, the OR network has lower computational complexity (processing time = 0.002742 s) due to the adoption of ML models.