Plasma exchange, a promising liver support system with still relevant uncertainties

1Liver ICU, Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS and CIBERehd, Spain 2EF Clif, EASL-CLIF Consortium, Barcelona, Spain 3Apheresis & Cellular Therapy Unit, Department of Hemotherapy and Hemostasis, ICMHO, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain. University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain Abbreviations: ACLF: acute-on-chronic liver failure; ALF: acute liver failure; DAMPS and PAMPS; damage- and pathogen-associated molecular patterns; FFP: fresh frozen plasma; FPSA/Prometheus: Fractionated Plasma Separation and Adsorption system; MARS: Molecular Adsorbent Recirculating System; PE: plasma exchange; RCT: randomized controlled trial. Correspondence J. Fernández, Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, Villarroel 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain. Email: [email protected]