Timbre transfer using image-to-image denoising diffusion models

Timbre transfer techniques aim at converting the sound of a musical piece generated by one instrument into the same one as if it was played by another instrument, while maintaining as much as possible the content in terms of musical characteristics such as melody and dynamics. Following their recent breakthroughs in deep learning-based generation, we apply Denoising Diffusion Models (DDMs) to perform timbre transfer. Specifically, we apply the recently proposed Denoising Diffusion Implicit Models (DDIMs) that enable to accelerate the sampling procedure. Inspired by the recent application of DDMs to image translation problems we formulate the timbre transfer task similarly, by first converting the audio tracks into log mel spectrograms and by conditioning the generation of the desired timbre spectrogram through the input timbre spectrogram. We perform both one-to-one and many-to-many timbre transfer, by converting audio waveforms containing only single instruments and multiple instruments, respectively. We compare the proposed technique with existing state-of-the-art methods both through listening tests and objective measures in order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model.