Numerical methods to predict aero thermally induced vibrations of a curved pipe structure reinforced by GPLs

The use of randomly distributed graphene platelets as a reinforcing material in tilted curved pipes subjected to supersonic airflow has become an increasingly popular area of research due to their potential to enhance the mechanical and thermal properties of the pipes. In this study, the focus is on investigating the frequency or dynamic response of these reinforced pipes under supersonic airflow conditions. In doing so, a higher-order shear deformation theory is utilized for modeling the displacement field in the tilted pipe structure. Moreover, the classical theory of elasticity with the incorporation of the effects of thermal loading is considered in obtaining governing equations. The study aims to determine the effects of the randomly distributed graphene nanoplatelets (GPLs) on the dynamic behavior of the tilted curved pipes in a thermal environment and identify any changes in their natural frequencies. The verification study shows that the results are verified with the previously published articles. As well as this, the results are compared with the outcomes of finite element software. The findings of this study may provide valuable insights into the design and optimization of graphene-reinforced pipes for use in high-speed airflows.