Tridimensional Study of the Vertebral Body in Osteoporotic Vertebral Fractures Treated with Percutaneous Vertebroplasty.

Abstract Many studies analyze the increase in vertebral body height after percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) in the sagittal plane. However, the vertebral body is a three-dimensional structure. The aim of this study is to determine if there is a volume change in the vertebral body after PVP, and to determine possible differences according to the spine segment treated. This prospective study included 25 patients (51 vertebrae, BMI 26.4kg/m2, T-score − 2.6) treated with PVP. The volumetric study was performed with MRI pre and post-surgery. We studied the amount of injected cement, the volume of cement inside the vertebral body, the fractured vertebra volume, percentage of volume loss, percentage of volume restoration and percentage of bone filling. Thoracolumbar fractures predominated. The average volume of injected cement was 3.6ml (range, 0.9–6.5). The volume loss was 4.1±3.3ml (16.2%). In the vertebral body, there was an increase in volume after PVP (difference + 1.6±1.6ml, 95% CI 1.1–2.03). Volume restoration was 1.6±1.6ml. Percentage of bone cement filling was 13.3%±4.5. There were no differences between the spine segments treated (P > 0.05). PVP increases the volume of the fractured vertebra approximately 40% of the volume loss. The volumetric changes after PVP were similar in the different spine segments treated.