100 years of insulin: who insulin therapy changed between 2000 and 2021

100 years after using insulin therapy for the very first time, pharmacological advances in medicine - especially in terms of insulin preparations with different kinetics, but also different methods of application and glucose self measurement - have brought about quite drastic changes, particularly within the last 20 years. Today, the use of insulin analogues has become far more common, in particular for patients with T1DM. For patients with T2DM there now is a broad spectrum of different forms of insulin therapy: BOT, BOTplus, SIT, various pre-mixtures of insulin, conventional or intensive conventional insulin therapy, or even the use of insulin pumps for few patients. The numerous different insulins and methods of application have led to a small but quite significant improvement in the blood-sugar levels of patients and have further advanced the individuality in patient care.