Usefulness of EndoFLIP in Diverticular Peroral Endoscopic Myotomy for Symptomatic Epiphrenic Diverticulum

Background/Aims Diverticular peroral endoscopic myotomy (D-POEM) is known to be a safe and feasible technique for managing diverticular diseases of the esophagus. In this study, we aim to report our experience with D-POEM and to investigate the usefulness of endoscopic functional luminal imaging probe (EndoFLIP) in determining the need for cardiomyotomy with septotomy for symptomatic epiphrenic diverticulum. Methods Consecutive patients who underwent D-POEM for symptomatic epiphrenic diverticulum between September 2019 and September 2021 were eligible for this study. EndoFLIP and high-resolution manometry results and endoscopic treatment outcomes were retrospectively investigated. Results A total of 9 patients with symptomatic epiphrenic diverticulum were included. The median size of the diverticulum and septum was 50 (interquartile range [IQR], 48-80) mm and 20 (IQR, 20-30) mm, respectively. The overall technical success rate was 100%, with a median procedure time of 60 (IQR, 46-100) minutes. The 5 patients (high-resolution manometry results; 3 normal, 1 ineffective esophageal motility, and 1 Jackhammer esophagus) who had decreased esophagogastric junction distensibility index on pre-procedure EndoFLIP underwent cardiomyotomy with septotomy regardless of the presence of esophageal motility disorders, and the distensibility index increased and normalized after procedure. The mean dysphagia score decreased from 2.0 +/- 1.0 pre-procedure to 0.4 +/- 0.7 during a median follow-up of 11 (IQR, 4-21) months post-procedure. No serious adverse events that required surgical intervention or delayed discharge were noted. Conclusions EndoFLIP may help decide whether to perform combined cardiomyotomy and septotomy for the treatment of an epiphrenic diverticulum. Further large-scale studies are needed to confirm these results.