The optimal speed model based on minimum temporal and spatial energy consumption

Speed optimization of the vehicle is an efficient technique to address road traffic energy consumption issues. This paper constructed the energy conservation equation of the moving vehicle based on the energy flow principle and clarified the difference between it and the vehicle specific power model. The optimal speed models based on the minimum temporal and spatial energy consumption were built with the optimization principle, and the optimal speed was derived with the road, vehicle, and environment as constraints. By comparing the measured data of on-road experiment, the optimal speed models can increase the speed by 31.3%, decrease the delay by 21.4%, and reduce the vehicle energy consumption power by 42.9% and energy consumption by 36.7%. The power is minimum when the vehicle moves at time-optimal speed. The energy consumption is minimum when the vehicle moves at space-optimal speed. The energy-saving effect Recall of optimal speed is 0.78. Research can provide theoretical support for urban road traffic energy-saving strategies.