Management of diabetic dyslipidemia in South Asian patients: The need for individualized treatment guidelines.

The prevalence of diabetes is steadily increasing worldwide in proportion to rising rates of visceral adiposity and the metabolic syndrome. 1 Xie J Wang M Long Z Ning H Li J Cao Y et al. Global burden of type 2 diabetes in adolescents and young adults, 1990-2019: systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. BMJ. 2022; 379e072385https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj-2022-072385 Crossref PubMed Scopus (11) Google Scholar The problem is particularly acute in South Asia where diabetes occurs at a younger age and with a more severe clinical phenotype compared to Western populations. 1 Xie J Wang M Long Z Ning H Li J Cao Y et al. Global burden of type 2 diabetes in adolescents and young adults, 1990-2019: systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. BMJ. 2022; 379e072385https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj-2022-072385 Crossref PubMed Scopus (11) Google Scholar ,2 Sosale A Prasanna Kumar KM Sadikot SM et al. Chronic complications in newly diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in India. Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2014; 18: 355-360 Crossref PubMed Scopus (38) Google Scholar As of 2021, it was estimated that 537 million adults worldwide, including 74 million of Asian Indian heritage, were living with type 2 diabetes mellitus, 3 Sun H Saeedi P Karuranga S Pinkepank M Ogurtsova K Duncan BB et al. IDF Diabetes Atlas: Global, regional and country-level diabetes prevalence estimates for 2021 and projections for 2045. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2022; 183109119https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109119 Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF Scopus (1139) Google Scholar but the prevalence of diabetes in India is projected to increase to more than 144 million by 2045. 4 Pradeepa R Mohan V Epidemiology of type 2 diabetes in India. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2021; 69: 2932-2938 Crossref PubMed Scopus (41) Google Scholar It is further estimated that more than half of patients with diabetes in India are undiagnosed and even more are undertreated. Approximately 90% of patients with diabetes in India have dyslipidemia, 5 Parikh RM Joshi SR Menon PS Shah NS Prevalence and pattern of diabetic dyslipidemia in Indian type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2010; 4: 10-12 Crossref Scopus (23) Google Scholar a major contributor to atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), the leading cause of death in patients with type 2 diabetes. Management of diabetic dyslipidemia in Indians: Expert consensus statement from the Lipid Association of IndiaJournal of Clinical LipidologyVol. 17Issue 2PreviewAn estimated 537 million adults aged 20–79 years worldwide have diabetes mellitus, almost all type 2 diabetes.1 In India, the burden of diabetes has been increasing steadily since 1990 but the pace accelerated after the year 2000, resulting in an increase in the prevalence of diabetes from 7.1% to 8.9% between 2009 and 2019. It is estimated that the number of individuals with diabetes in India will increase from 74 million in 2021 to more than 125 million in 2045,1 primarily driven by increasing rates of elevated body mass index (BMI) and the metabolic syndrome in association with visceral adiposity. Full-Text PDF