A systematic overview of power electronics interfaced electrochemical impedance spectroscopy for energy storage systems

With automotive industry's move towards vehicle electrification; hence, a dependence on energy storage systems, interest in Power Electronics Interfaced Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (PEI-EIS) has been growing steadily and rapidly. As much of the work on impedance spectroscopy is carried out by electrochemists or physicists, this paper is an attempt to systematically and through an engineering perspective, walk the engineering researchers interested in this field through the main phases of the PEI-EIS process, provide a review of some recent work, and highlight the challenging and important issues that are encountered in each phase along the way. In particular, the paper elaborates on the role of often overlooked/unaddressed controller, how the required excitation signals for EIS are generated by power electronics devices, what type of excitations are needed, how the generated data-set is measured, and finally, how the results are presented. Additionally, with an engineering perspective, the pros and cons of the recent past contributions reported in the literature for PEI-EIS are discussed.