Liensinine alleviates septic heart injury by targeting inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and autophagy.

Sepsis is one of the most commonly discussed worldwide health issues,with high rates of morbidity and mortality[1].Severe sepsis can trigger a systemic inflammatory response,which can result in organ failure and death in a short time.Of all organs,the heart is one of the most vulnerable target organs during sepsis[2].Previous research has revealed that sepsis-induced heart damage is often accompanied by uncontrolled inflammation,oxidant/antioxidant imbalance,excessive apoptosis,and autophagy.There are currently no licensed medications to treat septicemic cardiac insufficiency;as a result,finding a medication that may specifically restrict these pathological alterations for the prevention of cardiac dysfunction induced by sepsis is critical.In recent years,the use of natural products has become increasingly important to various diseases.Liensinine is an isoquinoline alkaloid isolated from Nelumbo nucifera Gaertner's seed embryo.It has been shown to have anti-inflammatory,antioxidant,and apoptotic properties[3].Therefore,we conducted follow-up experiments on these aspects to verify whether liensinine could protect against LPS-induced septic heart injury in mice.