The feasibility of small-caliber veins for autogenous arteriovenous fistula creation: A single-center retrospective study.

After comprehensive DUS evaluation, intraoperative hydrodilation, postoperative active exercise and intensive DUS detection, and application of balloon-assisted maturation, if necessary, using a vein more than 1.35 mm (augmented), could achieve satisfactory functional maturation and postoperative patency in AVF formation.