Ultrafine Grain Ferrite Transformed from Fine Austenite Grains Produced by Dynamic Reversal Transformation.

The medium carbon steel warm deformation was carried out in a Gleeble-3500 simulator, and the microstructure was observed on a scan electron microscopy (SEM) and optical microscope (OM). The results show that the dynamic reversal transformation (DRT) of austenite occurred during the multipass deformation at a temperature of 675 °C. The austenite grain size is about 3.4 μm at the stain of 2.67. The thermodynamics was discussed based on the stress activation model. The critical stress of DRT is in the range of 265.94-294.28 MPa, which is related to the Schmit factor, without considering the distortion energy. Meanwhile, the submicron ferrite was obtained after the air cooling stage. The texture of the ultrafine ferrite possessed the characteristics of good, deep drawing properties.