Management of acute severe hypertension in youth: from the philosophical to the practical.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Acute severe hypertension remains an uncommon but important source of morbidity and mortality in youth. However, there has been very little progress made in our understanding of how to best manage youth with acute severe hypertension to improve patient outcomes. RECENT FINDINGS:Our understanding of what is acute severe hypertension is undergoing a philosophical change. Management of patients with acute severe hypertension is evolving towards more of a risk and outcomes-based approach. SUMMARY:We should be intentional when we consider whether a patient has acute severe hypertension and if they are truly at an increased risk for life-threatening target organ injury. We should consider their specific risk factors to best interpret the risks and benefits of how best to treat a patient with acute severe hypertension, rather than relying on traditional approaches and conventional wisdom. We should always ask 'why' when we are pursuing a given management course. Future studies should clearly define the research questions they are investigating to best advance the field to ultimately improve patient outcomes.