Study of ferromagnetic and ferroelectric properties of nanocrystalline Bi 2 Mn 4 O 10

Nano-crystalline bismuth manganese oxide Bi 2 Mn 4 O 10 was prepared from Bi 2 O 3 and MnO 2 by mechanochemical technique at different milling times followed by heat treatment at 1073 K. The crystal structural were obtained using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and TEM. We obtained the variation of the crystallite size and micro-strain with milling time. The magnetic parameters include the saturation magnetization, coercivity and squareness ratio were obtained by vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). Each of the coercive field, Squareness ratio and saturation magnetization increased with increasing the milling time. The electrical conduction of the prepared samples was evaluated by AC conductivity measurements at different temperature, the dielectric parameters were plotted against temperature at different frequencies. The conduction mechanism is described by the correlated barrier hopping model (CBH). The recoverable energy density and loss energy was obtained to calculate the storage energy efficiency.