Differences in antimicrobial components between bacterial culture‐positive and culture‐negative bovine clinical mastitis milk

A bacterial culture of milk is the most common test to determine the presence of mastitis-causing pathogens, which informs appropriate treatment. However, a certain proportion of clinical mastitis milk shows no growth of any mastitis-causing pathogens. We hypothesized that bacterial culture-negative clinical mastitis milk is associated with the activity of antimicrobial components contained in the milk. In this study, the differences in antimicrobial components (lactoferrin, transferrin, lysozyme, lactoperoxidase, and lingual antimicrobial peptide [LAP]) between bacterial culture-positive and culture-negative bovine clinical mastitis milk were investigated using Holstein cows. Our results showed that 37 out of 71 samples of clinical mastitis milk had negative bacterial cultures. The LAP concentration in bacterial culture-negative milk was lower than that in positive milk (31.95 +/- 1.64 nM vs. 42.85 +/- 4.01 nM). In contrast, the lysozyme concentration in bacterial culture-negative milk was higher than that in positive milk (0.76 +/- 0.15 mu g/ml vs. 0.42 +/- 0.06 mu g/ml). In conclusion, the concentration of antimicrobial components was different between bacterial culture-positive and culture-negative bovine clinical mastitis milk, which suggests that antimicrobial components are related to bacterial culture results.