Neuromodulation of the Anterior Cingulate Cortex: A Systematic Review of Treatment Studies

Although cingulotomy has historically been a treatment option for intractable pain, there has been renewed interest in modulation of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) for a variety of conditions, due to its unique position at the interface between the executive prefrontal centres and limbic structures. Here we summarize the emerging literature on neuromodulation of the ACC, emphasizing indications, outcomes and promising future applications.