Short-term and oncological outcomes of natural orifice specimen extraction surgery (NOSES) for colorectal cancer in China: a national database study of 5055 patients

With the rapid development of minimally invasive surgery for the treatment of colorectal diseases,novel surgical techniques aim-ing at reducing surgical trauma have become frequently discussed issues[1].Natural orifice specimen extraction surgery(NOSES),including transvaginal specimen extraction(TVSE)and transanal specimen extraction(TASE),have been considered well-estab-lished surgical approaches for avoiding abdominal incision[2,3].NOSES represents one of the least invasive options in the treatment of colorectal cancer(CRC),but most relevant studies are single-centered with limited sample sizes.Whether previous findings can be generalized to a wider patient population remains unclear[3,4].Therefore,we performed the first nationwide large-scale study with the aim of confirming the safety and feasibility of NOSES for CRC by analyzing the short-term and long-term oncolog-ical outcomes.