Isolation of Nine Bacteriophages Shown Effective against Erwinia amylovora in Korea

Erwinia amylovora is a devastating bacterial plant pathogen that infects Rosaceae including apple and pear and causes fire blight. Bacteriophages have been considered as a biological control agent for preventing bacterial infections of plants. In this study, nine bacteriophages Phi Fifi011, Phi Fifi044, Phi Fifi051, Phi Fifi067, Phi Fifi106, Phi Fifi287, Phi Fifi318, Phi Fifi450, and Phi Fifi451) were isolated from soil and water samples in seven orchards with fire blight in Korea. The genetic diversity of bacteriophage isolates was confirmed through restriction fragment length polymorphism pattern analysis. Host range of the nine phages was tested against 45 E. amylovora strains and 14 E. pvrifoliae strains and nine other bacterial strains. Among the nine phages, Phi Fili044 and Phi Fili451 infected and lysed E. antylovora only. And the remaining seven phages infected both E. amylovora and E. pyrifofiae. The results suggest that the isolated phages were different from each other and effective to control E. amylovora, providing a basis to develop biological agents and utilizing phage cocktails.