Evaluation of health of male and female Giant freshwater prawn cultured in remote limited natural resources areas

The purpose of this study was to determine the total number of hemocytes, type of hemocytes, phenoloxidase enzyme activity and histochemistry of hepatopancreas cell types in prawn cultured in remote farm areas. Water quality was monitored during the period of this study in September 2020. The results showed no significant difference between total hemocytes in females (92.75x10(6) +/- 19.55 cells/mL) and males (58.48x10(6) +/- 20.88 cells/mL). Three types of hemocytes were found in both sexes; hyaline cells, semigranular cells and large granular cells. The defense mechanism in females and males was determined in terms of concentration of phenoloxidase activating enzyme, which was not significantly disserent in males (0.70 +/- 0.39 U/mL hemolymph) and females (0.72 +/- 0.43 U/mL hemolymph). Moreover, this study showed that 4 cell types of hepatopancreas cells were identified as embryonic cells or E cells, Fivriller cells or F cells, absorbing cells or R cells and bladder-like cells or B cells. We found that almost all were R cells followed by E, B, and F cells. R cells were located in the proximal rather than distal part of the hepatopancreas duct. The number of R cells in females and males was 14.14 +/- 0.50 cells/tubule section and 13.71 +/- 1.15 cells/tubule section, respectively. The number of E cells was 12.16 +/- 0.70 and 12.01 +/- 1.73 cells/tubule section, respectively. E cells were found at the end of the ducts of hepatopancreas. Numbers of F cells were 5.78 +/- 0.13 and 5.69 +/- 1.32 in females and males, respectively, and found to be distributed throughout the length of the tubes. Numbers of B cells were 10.70 +/- 0.52 and 10.74 +/- 0.11 in females and males, respectively. This study showed that the prawns in remote areas were healthy with the potential to produce hatchery material and provide data to improve factors causing low production.