Influence of Different Single Factors on the Spatial-Temporal Distribution Law of Phosphorus in the Generalized River

Phosphorus is the main limiting factor in river eutrophication, whose distribution law is affected by sediment and hydrodynamics. Based on the sediment of Wujiadu Hydrological Station in the middle reaches of the Huaihe River, a physical experiment of phosphorus adsorption onto sediment in a dynamic environment was carried out in this paper to obtain two important parameters of the water quality model. By considering the effect of adsorption and desorption, diffusion, sedimentation and suspension, a numerical model of a three-dimensional periodic flume was established, verified and then applied to the generalized river according to the shape of the cross section in the Bengbu reach of the Huaihe River. The spatial-temporal distribution law of phosphorus was obtained with different single inflow factors. When DP or AP changed, the overall trend of downstream DP was consistent with that of incoming DP/AP; however, it became more complex when SS or Q changed, which aggravated the sedimentation and re-suspension process. When incoming DP changed, DPmax decreased with the distance, while when incoming AP or SS changed, DPmax increased at first and then decreased. The relationship between & UDelta;DPmax and & UDelta;TPin was fitted into a straight line with a slope of 0.9951, while it was 0.2154 with the change of incoming SS. The effect of the not-constant time of the inflow on the peak concentration of phosphorus along the river was much weaker than that of the peak concentration.