AI Models for Predicting Readmission of Pneumonia Patients within 30 Days after Discharge

A model with capability for precisely predicting readmission is a target being pursued worldwide. The objective of this study is to design predictive models using artificial intelligence methods and data retrieved from the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan for identifying high-risk pneumonia patients with 30-day all-cause readmissions. An integrated genetic algorithm (GA) and support vector machine (SVM), namely IGS, were used to design predictive models optimized with three objective functions. In IGS, GA was used for selecting salient features and optimal SVM parameters, while SVM was used for constructing the models. For comparison, logistic regression (LR) and deep neural network (DNN) were also applied for model construction. The IGS model with AUC used as the objective function achieved an accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and area under ROC curve (AUC) of 70.11%, 73.46%, 69.26%, and 0.7758, respectively, outperforming the models designed with LR (65.77%, 78.44%, 62.54%, and 0.7689, respectively) and DNN (61.50%, 79.34%, 56.95%, and 0.7547, respectively), as well as previously reported models constructed using thedata of electronic health records with an AUC of 0.71-0.74. It can be used for automatically detecting pneumonia patients with a risk of all-cause readmissions within 30 days after discharge so as to administer suitable interventions to reduce readmission and healthcare costs.