Negative Mood Regulation Expectancies (NMRE) as a Moderator of the Association Between Stress and Treatment Outcomes in Interdisciplinary Chronic Pain Treatment

Objective: Negative mood regulation expectancies (NMRE) describe the expectancies of an individual regarding his or her ability to regulate or reduce negative mood states by certain cognitive or behavioral strategies. NMRE are closely associated with the actual emotion regulation and potentially buffer the negative psychological and physical health consequences of stress. In the context of chronic pain, stress plays a central role, as long-term stress can have additional negative consequences regarding pain and its progression. The present study investigated the relationship of NMRE with treatment outcome, and more importantly, its buffering role in the association between stress and treatment outcomes. Method: Two hundred six chronic pain inpatients (fulfilling the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision [ICD-10] diagnosis of F45.41) of an interdisciplinary treatment completed standardized self-report questionnaires at intake and discharge. Hierarchical linear regression analyses were used to test the main effects of the Negative Mood Regulation Scale-Short Form on pain intensity, pain-related disability, and psychological distress as treatment outcomes and its moderating role in the association of stress and the 3 outcome measures. Results: A significant main effect of NMRE on treatment outcome was only found for psychological distress. However, for all 3 outcome measures, a significant moderating effect of NMRE on the association between stress level and treatment outcome was found. Discussion: NMRE appear to play an important role for the outcome of inpatient treatment for chronic pain. Due to their buffering effect on the negative association between stress and therapy outcome, they should be targeted in the treatment of chronic pain.