Adenita : Interactive 3 D Modelling and Visualisation of 1 DNA Nanostructures 2

10 DNA nanotechnology is a rapidly advancing field, which increasingly attracts interest in many different 11 disciplines, such as medicine, biotechnology, physics, and biocomputing. The increasing complexity of 12 novel applications requires significant computational support for the design, modelling and analysis of 13 DNA nanostructures. However, current in silico design tools have not been developed in view of these 14 new applications and their requirements. Here, we present Adenita, a novel software tool for the 15 modelling of DNA nanostructures in a user-friendly environment. A data model supporting different DNA 16 nanostructure concepts (multilayer DNA origami, wireframe DNA origami, DNA tiles, etc.) has been 17 developed allowing the creation of new and the import of existing DNA nanostructures. In addition, the 18 nanostructures can be modified and analysed on-the-fly using an intuitive toolset. The possibility to 19 combine and re-use existing nanostructures as building blocks for the creation of new superstructures, 20 the integration of alternative molecules (e.g. proteins, aptamers) during the design process, and the 21 export option for oxDNA simulations are outstanding features of Adenita, which spearheads a new 22 generation of DNA nanostructure modelling software. We showcase Adenita by re-using a large nanorod 23 to create a new nanostructure through user interactions that employ different editors to modify the 24 original nanorod. 25