Inferring Software Composition and Credentials of Embedded Devices from Partial Knowledge

Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices or more generally embedded devices are nowadays commonly deployed in public, personal or work spaces despite suffering from security issues often related to their bad design and/or configuration. For instance, IoT botnets such as Mirai successfully compromised thousands of devices using a bruteforce method on a set of known credentials. Although brute-force attacks...