Understanding MPTCP in Multi-WAN Routers: Measurements and System Design

MPTCP is used in Multi-WAN Routers to aggregate multiple WAN/Internet connections using two architectural variants: proxying and tunneling. The proxy variant creates one MPTCP connection for each TCP connection, resulting in a large number of parallel uncoordinated MPTCP connections, which leads to underutilizating the available capacity, suboptimal scheduling, and increased loss rate. The tunnel ...