Cytometric analysis of erythrocytes in different types of anemia - a tool for clinic and medical biotechnology industry

Anemia is one of the most common disorders in the world generated by multiple causes. Despite a good understanding of the causes of anemia, there is still uncertainty about how best this should be investigated, prevented and managed. This reflects the limitations of laboratory tests, as well as the poor understanding of the complex physiological mechanisms. A better understanding of the nature of anemia and the changes in erythrocytes may provide new strategies to benefits of patients. In this study, it was identified by flow cytometric and SEM analysis, the morphological changes of forms that deviate from the classical discoid shape, which had an increase in the mean fluorescence intensity of calcein (erythrocyte viability measured by the level of intracellular esterase activity with the Calcein-AM method). The results obtained for RBCs from the patients with different types of anemia did not demonstrate a massive phosphatidylserine externalization measurable with Annexin-V-FITC compared to the values for normal erythrocytes. The present study provides that flow cytometric analysis can be a quick and efficient method for diagnosing in haematological diseases and monitoring and in the medical biotechnology industry in order to develop drugs to treat anemia.