Successful Treatment With Lenalidomide Plus Chidamide Combination Therapy In 3 Heavily Treated Patients With Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Three Cases Report

Rationale: The prognosis of patients with aggressive relapsed or refractory (R/R) non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) remains poor. Both immunomodulatory drugs and histone deacetylase inhibitors have demonstrated activity against R/R NHL; yet, the combination of these 2 targeted therapies has rarely been explored. Patient concerns: Here, we report 3 cases. Case 1 was a 68-year-old woman who presented to our hospital with dyspnea. Case 2 was a 75-year-old man with massive upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Case 3 was a 62-year-old woman with cough, dyspnea, and lymphadenopathy. Diagnosis: The biopsy results revealed diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL), DLBCL, and angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma, for Case 1, 2, and 3 respectively. Intervention: All 3 patients experienced relapse after first-line therapy and multiple lines of salvage therapy. Finally, they all received lenalidomide combined with chidamide. Outcomes: All 3 patients achieved complete and durable remission. Case 1 relapsed again after 3 months, while the other 2 cases remained in complete remission. Lessons: To our knowledge, this is the first report of lenalidomide combined with chidamide for the treatment of R/R NHL. Our findings warrant further evaluation of this novel chemo-free therapy in future prospective clinical trials.