Chikungunya virus infection induces differential inflammatory and antiviral responses in human monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages.

•Human monocytes and MDMs are susceptible and permissive cells to CHIKV infection in vitro.•CHIKV challenge induces monocyte and macrophage activation, leading to high pro-inflammatory cytokine production and IFN-I expression.•CHIKV challenge induced expression of TLR2, 7 and 8 on monocytes, and TLR3 and 7 on MDMs, suggesting a differential response of both cell populations to CHIKV infection.•Recognition of structural components on CHIKV leads to monocyte and macrophage activation, involving a high production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, but not the expression of ISGs.